Through the Lens of Brenz: How Lutheran Christology Is Not Actually Lutheran

Abstract

This thesis explores the Christology of Johannes Brenz and its significant influence on the development of Lutheran theology, particularly through the lens of its departure from Martin Luther’s original teachings. Brenz, a prominent Reformer of the Late Reformation era, played a pivotal role in shaping Christological doctrine during a period of intense theological conflict and consolidation. By examining Brenz’s writings on the incarnation, communication of attributes, ascension, and the Lord’s Supper, this study investigates whether Lutheran Christology is fundamentally “Lutheran” or, more accurately, “Brenzian.” The analysis situates Brenz’s thought within the broader theological debates of his time, highlighting his impact on key figures like Jakob Andreae and the eventual formulation of the Formula of Concord. This thesis contends that Brenz’s systematic and doctrinal approach not only bridged the gap between early and later Lutheranism but also redefined the understanding of Christ’s nature and presence, leaving a lasting legacy on Protestant theology.