The Toledo Colloquoy of the Iowa and Ohio Synods: Results and Trends for the Future

Abstract

Dennis Broehm’s essay examines the 1907 Toledo Colloquy between the Iowa and Ohio Synods, a pivotal moment in American Lutheran history. The paper traces the doctrinal tensions and negotiations that led to the colloquy, especially surrounding the concept of “open questions” and the role of confessional subscription. Broehm analyzes the theses produced at Toledo, highlighting compromises on issues such as chiliasm, the Antichrist, and church fellowship. He explores the reception of the theses within both synods, noting Iowa’s enthusiastic acceptance and Ohio’s more cautious response. The essay argues that the colloquy marked a shift toward doctrinal compromise and unity based on fundamental articles rather than full agreement, foreshadowing broader trends in American Lutheranism. Drawing on primary sources and synodical reports, Broehm concludes that the Toledo Theses laid the groundwork for future mergers and the eventual formation of the American Lutheran Church. —Abstract generated by Microsoft Copilot (GPT-4)