Road to Rebellion: Analyzing Bonhoeffer's Theology of Resistance

Abstract

Dietrich Bonhoeffer was a Lutheran pastor and theologian who wrote extensively on discipleship, vocation, and Christian ethics. However, he is best known for supporting a plot to overthrow Adolf Hitler during the Second World War. Were his actions justified? Is Bonhoeffer’s example one other Christians should follow when faced with an unjust government? To answer those questions, this thesis will first demonstrate the theological threat Hitler’s government posed to the church, followed by an historical overview of Bonhoeffer’s theological and political activity. Next, this thesis will analyze the theological works of Bonhoeffer in order to understand his justifications for resistance. Bonhoeffer’s theology will then be compared with Martin Luther’s writings on disobedience to government, and to the Magdeburg Confession. Finally, this thesis will conclude by pointing out which parts of Bonhoeffer’s theology are dangerous, and which would be beneficial for Christians to learn from today.